The second component of a Memory Wave card is the controller. This controller is basically a small pc that acts as the interface between the flash memory and the host system (digital camera or card reader). It handles reading and writing, voltage regulation, and different tasks including error correction and bad sector management. The controller may also incorporate wear leveling techniques to increase the life of the card by monitoring and distributing data so sure areas of the card should not overused. The controller instantly impacts the transfer velocity capabilities of a memory card. Who makes flash memory? While there are numerous manufacturers of memory playing cards, very few manufacture the memory chips used inside the cards. Of the major memory card brands, solely Samsung, SanDisk, Toshiba and Lexar are involved in memory chip manufacturing. Samsung is the main producer of NAND MemoryWave memory worldwide and opened a brand new $7 billion facility in Xi'an, China to produce NAND flash memory in May, MemoryWave 2014. Toshiba and SanDisk co-personal a memory production facility in Yokkaichi, Japan.
Micron, proprietor of Lexar, produces memory chips in a joint enterprise with Intel at a facility in Lehi, Utah and assembles their cards in Asia. Different NAND memory chip manufacturers include TSMC in Taiwan and SK Hynix of South Korea. Flash controllers for SD and CF cards are manufactured by Samsung, Micron, Sandisk, Toshiba and Sony in addition to several unbiased manufacturers including Alcor Micro, JMicron, Phison, SiliconMotion (SMI) and Hyperstone. Flash memory card brands indirectly concerned in production may use one or more of the above suppliers. Kingston is understood for using Toshiba/SanDisk chips and controllers, Transcend has used Samsung chips and SMI-produced controllers, Delkin makes use of Toshiba, Samsung and Micron chips and customized controllers from various manufacrurers including Hyperstone. The controller is a vital a part of a Memory Wave card