SOURCES - AUDIT SÉCURITÉ MESSAGERIES 2026

Rapports d'Audit & Cryptographie

Signal

Element/Matrix

SimpleX

Session

Telegram

  • Royal Holloway / ETH Zurich Analysis (2016-2024):
    • 4 vulnerabilities discovered:
      1. Message alteration (trivial)
      2. Plaintext recovery (medium difficulty)
      3. MITM attack (rare, very difficult)
      4. Signature validation issues
    • Status: Patched in MTProto 2.0 (partially)
    • Lien: https://mtpsym.github.io
  • Academic Symbolic Verification (Zhong et al, 2021):
    • Result: "MTProto 2.0 does not present logical flaws"
    • Caveat: Implementation & side-channel vulnerabilities possible
    • Rapport: "Automated Symbolic Verification of Telegram's MTProto 2.0"
  • ESET Analysis (2025):
  • Important Stories Investigation (2024):
    • Finding: Kremlin investors in Telegram (VTB Capital $1B+, multiple oligarchs)
    • Durov visits Russia 50+ times despite "exile" claim
    • Lien: https://www.important-stories.com/

Olvid

XMPP

  • OMEMO Specification (XEP-0384):
  • Radically Open Security Analysis (2016):

Données de Métadonnées & Surveillance

  • "Telegram, the FSB, and the Man in the Middle" (Investigative Journalism, June 2025):
    • Infrastructure: Vladimir Vedeneev companies manage Telegram infrastructure
    • SORM Connection: FSB access to GlobalNet/DATAIX networks
    • Impact: MITM attacks on metadata (who talks to whom, when, where)
    • Coverage: Ukraine, Belarus networks compromised (90% Ukraine, 100% Belarus 2019)
  • "Telegram: From libertarian myth to Kremlin influence tool" (DebuNK Café, Nov 2025):
    • Funding: 4B$ raised, opaque investors
    • Kremlin ties: VTB Capital ($1B+), Yuri Milner, Abramovitch, others
    • Durov visits: 50+ trips to Russia despite exile narrative
    • TON blockchain failure: SEC fine $18.5M, $1.2B reimbursement
    • Dettes: $2 billion corporate debt (per Durov to French authorities Dec 2024)
    • Lien: https://debunkcafe.fr/telegram-mythe-libertaire-outil-influence-kremlin/

Signal Metadata

Métadonnées en général

  • Vectra AI Analysis (2025):
    • 6 metadata types exploitable
    • Network correlation analysis possible
    • IMDS cloud metadata attacks (49% EC2 instances non-conformes IMDSv2)
    • Lien: https://fr.vectra.ai/topics/metadata

Open Source & Reproductibilité

Signal

Element/Matrix

SimpleX

Session

XMPP

  • Standard & Clients:

CVE & Vulnérabilités

CVE Databases

Specific CVEs

  • Telegram-related:
    • CVE-2025-52572 (Hikka userbot)
    • MTProto protocol flaws (2016, unpatched in some aspects)
  • Signal: No known critical CVEs
  • Element: E3.1-E12.1 findings from BSI (low severity)
  • SimpleX: Trail of Bits findings (resolved)
  • XMPP: Minimal history

Juridiction & GDPR Compliance

GDPR References

Signal Foundation

  • Location: Delaware, USA
  • Transparency Report: https://signal.org/blog/
  • FOIA Compliance: Documented US government requests

Olvid

Telegram

  • SORM (Russian Surveillance): System accessible via DATAIX/GlobalNet
  • Durov Arrest (France, Aug 2024): Security/trafficking concerns

Architecture & Decentralization Studies

Matrix Federation

SimpleX Decentralization

  • SMP Design: No global identifier namespace
  • Queue rotation: Automatic migration between servers
  • User control: 4+ independent relays per conversation

Session Decentralization

  • Service Nodes: 2100+ community-operated
  • Oxen blockchain: Proof-of-stake security model
  • Sybil mitigation: 15k Oxen stake requirement

2025-2026 Developments

Signal

  • Post-quantum cryptography in development
  • Sealed sender refinements ongoing

Element/Matrix

  • MLS protocol (IETF standard) adoption in progress
  • End-to-end encryption improvements

SimpleX

  • Video/file transfers (1GB via XFTP)
  • Incognito groups (beta)
  • Continuous PQKE implementation

Session

  • V2 Session Protocol live (PFS restored, PQKE added)
  • Service Node improvements

Olvid

  • Continued ANSSI certification maintenance
  • New feature development within certified framework

Additional Resources

Academic Papers

  • "Double Ratchet Algorithm" (Perrin & Marlinspike)
  • "A Mechanized Formal Analysis of Matrix" (arxiv)
  • "Security Analysis of Telegram" (Royal Holloway/ETH Zurich)

Industry Standards

  • NIST Post-Quantum Cryptography: ML-KEM standard approval (2024)
  • IETF MLS: Modern standardized group chat encryption

Privacy Organizations


Canal Telegram - Discussions Privacy & Cyber

Groupe SimpleX - Alternative privacy-first à Telegram

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Pub: 11 Jan 2026 00:51 UTC

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