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Parasomnias are a subgroup of sleep disorders. They are known for causing abnormal movements and behaviors during all stages of sleep, including while waking up. Sleepwalking and frequent nightmares are the most common type, though certain hallucinations are also common. Parasomnias can be triggered by different types of medication as well as obstructive patterns or behaviors during sleep, like sleep apnea.

The disorder is most common in children, though they can be seen in people of all ages. About 10 percent of Americans suffer from a parasomnia disorder. Different types of the disorder are common throughout life, and there is a high chance that everyone on Earth has experienced at least one type. Parasomnias are more common in children because of the underdeveloped mind which allows for more distractions and disruptions.

Many people confuse the subgroup as only focusing on things like hallucinations, which isn’t entirely true. While they, along with certain delusions, can be common, they are not the only characterizing factor of parasomnias.

There are three subtypes of parasomnias: Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM), Rapid Eye Movement (REM), and Other- a mesh of parasomnias that do not fit in the other two types. NREM parasomnias are often things like sleepwalking or sleepeating (SRED). They occur during states of sleep that are not REM. REM parasomnias are often abnormal movements or behaviors in REM stages of sleep. This is most commonly experienced as nightmares and recurrent sleep paralysis. If they do not fall into either of these categories, they’re labeled under other. This can be anything from hallucinations during sleep all the way to bedwetting.

In media, parasomnias are often mischaracterized or misinterpreted, causing people to confuse them with other related sleep disorders.

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Pub: 05 Aug 2024 19:01 UTC
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