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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety affects 40 million people in the United States. It's extremely treatable with numerous medications available.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. Unlike benzodiazepines, they're not addictive.

SSRIs

The most popular anxiety medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac). These medications can also be used to treat depression and relieve symptoms of anxiety disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder. It could take up to a month for them to begin working.

They help by increasing the levels of certain chemical transmitters in the brain. This includes serotonin and norepinephrine as well as dopamine. These medications are typically the first choice to treat anxiety, but doctors can also prescribe other kinds of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants, known as serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor) are used to treat anxiety. They differ from SSRIs because they decrease norepinephrine, but at a lower degree than SSRIs. These medications may take a few days to start taking effects, and also tend to be more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants like imipramine Tofranil, can be effective in treating anxiety disorders. Their drowsiness, as well as other side effects, make them less popular. Another type of antidepressant, monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) can be used to combat anxiety. They are a high risk of toxicity and dietary restrictions make them unsuitable for use.

Benzodiazepines are used to combat panic attacks and anxiety in the short-term, while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These medications can cause tolerance, sedation and addiction, and withdrawal reactions that can cause rebound depression, anxiety and even delirium. Common benzodiazepines include alprazolam (Xanax) as well as clonazepam (Klonopin) and lorazepam (Ativan).

Therapy is an important part of a treatment plan for anxiety as it can help you discover more about the symptoms and the root causes. Many people find that therapy and medication both aid in coping. Some studies have shown that cognitive behavioral therapy is as effective as anxiety medications. Consult your physician to determine what is the best option for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines have a calming effect they reduce anxiety and relax tense muscle. They also reduce symptoms of bodily arousal due to fear (like heart rate, trembling and trembling) and encourage sleep.

They function by binding to inhibitory neurons, such as GABA or gamma aminobutryic acid, at receptors within the central nervous system. They increase the effects of GABA by increasing its inhibitory effects on other neurotransmitters, and reducing the amount of messages that are that are transmitted to the amygdala, a region of the brain that assesses threats and produces the feeling of fear.

These medications are sometimes used for short periods like a panic attack or severe anxiety episode. They can relieve symptoms within 30 to 60 minutes. Benzodiazepines are, in contrast to SSRIs don't stay in the body long. They're quick-acting and typically perform in just a few hours, making them ideal for situations where immediate relief is required (like during an airplane flight or before giving an address in public).

Because they are addictive, patients are typically prescribed for up to four weeks at a go. They also lose effectiveness after a certain period of time.

One of the main reasons benzodiazepines are so popular is that they are efficient and have fewer side effects compared to their predecessors, such as barbiturates or meprobamate. They have a quick start of action and are very useful as anxiolytics (anti-anxiety), sedatives and anticonvulsants and as muscle relaxants.

Benzos were blamed for the negative attitudes towards anxiety that were developed during the 1970s and 80s which included the reduction of the disorder and the belief that benzodiazepine treatment can lead to physical dependence. Yet however, benzodiazepines still play a major role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, particularly when they are combined with psychosocial interventions, such as cognitive behavioral therapy and other interpersonal therapies.

Benzos can interact with other medications and cause undesirable side-effects such as drowsiness, confusion or drowsiness. You should tell your doctor about any prescription, nonprescription, or herbal medicines you are currently taking or are planning to take. You can find out which medications are safe to take along with benzodiazepines by checking the British National Formulary A-Z list of medication interactions.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can ease anxiety and other mental health problems. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved a variety of antidepressants to treat other health conditions, too, such as eating disorders, certain types of pain, and bipolar disorder.

SSRIs are typically prescribed as a first-line treatment of anxiety by doctors, but they might not work for everyone. If they don't work, doctors may consider a different type of antidepressant known as a tricyclic or tetracyclic antidepressant. These include amitriptyline, nortriptyline, clomipramine, trimipramine, dothiepin, doxepin or imipramine. These antidepressants are not as popular but still readily available. Your doctor may also prescribe the antidepressant that sedates, Trazodone (Desyrel) at lower doses for sleep or anxiety.

Other antidepressants that can help are Nefazodone (Ferdinand) and duloxetine (Cymbalta). They're also available in generic forms. If they aren't helping, your doctor may try the antipsychotics quetiapine and Olanzapine or the tranquilizing antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Medications for other anxiety disorders include beta blockers, which decrease the heart rate and blood pressure by preventing the action of adrenaline. These drugs are not usually used to treat anxiety alone, but they can be effective if combined with psychotherapy.

Psychotherapy can help you alter negative thoughts and behaviors that contribute towards your anxiety. It can help you to control your anxiety, and develop coping skills. Based on the severity of your situation, you may undergo exposure or cognitive behavioural therapy. Cognitive behavioural therapy teaches you to confront negative and fearful thoughts and overcome your avoidance of situations which trigger anxiety. The process involves increasing the anxiety provoking situations until they can be managed. It can be done either in a group, or by yourself. In both instances, the results will take time to manifest. A combination of medication and psychotherapy therapy is the best choice for some individuals. Some people find that taking medication alone is enough to control symptoms. Discuss with your doctor how you manage your symptoms.

Other Medicines

Although benzodiazepines and antidepressants are the most commonly prescribed treatment for anxiety, other medications can help ease your symptoms too. Beta blockers and antihistamines are sometimes prescribed to relieve anxiety.

These drugs can correct an imbalance in your brain's chemical balance and can help alleviate your symptoms by reducing or blocking signals that cause you stress and fear. They're not a cure-all. You'll need to do things to control anxiety, including exercises as well as relaxation techniques, and psychotherapy.

Your doctor might initially prescribe one of the "first choices" anxiety medications, which are SSRIs and SNRIs. These are the most effective medicines for treating anxiety disorders, according to research studies. The most commonly used SSRIs include sertraline (Zoloft) and the fluoxetine (Prozac) and citalopram (Celexa) and escitalopram (Lexapro). These medications may cause mild side effects like insomnia and nausea, but they usually disappear within 4-8 weeks. They aren't addictive and they do not increase the likelihood of suicidal ideas.

The benzodiazepines alprazolam (Xanax), Clonazepam (Klonopin) and diazepoxide (Valium) provide immediate relief for anxiety and panic attacks, but they can have side effects, including dizziness, drowsiness, memory and coordination problems, and dependence. These are less popular than older barbiturates, however they are equally effective.

Antihistamines such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were originally designed to help with allergies. However they also serve to reduce anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine has a calming effect because it blocks histamine receptors. how to treat anxiety 's not a controlled drug which means it doesn't carry the same risks of addiction as benzodiazepines.

Anticonvulsants are another kind of medication that can aid in reducing anxiety. They have been found to reduce anxiety by interfering in the production and release dopamine and sérotonin. They might be prescribed in conjunction with other medicines or as a short-term treatment for anxiety. Your doctor will review your health history and symptoms to determine if these drugs are suitable for you. They'll also discuss the length of time you should be taking them and any possible adverse effects. Anxiety medication is only available on prescription, which means that you'll need a psychiatrist to prescribe it.

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Pub: 27 Apr 2024 11:14 UTC
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