10 Things You Learned In Kindergarden They'll Help You Understand Evolution Korea
Evolution Korea
South Korea's democratic system is vulnerable to populist impulses. However, it's healthier than what one might expect.
The country is searching for a new development paradigm. The Confucian culture, which emphasizes respect for ancestors and as and gender-specific family relationships, continues to influence the society. However, there are signs that a secular culture is beginning to emerge.
Origins
In prehistoric times the ancestors of the modern Koreans lived on hunting and gathering wild food. Then around 10,000 years ago they began to cultivate crops such as millet and beans. They also raised livestock and created furs. They created tribal states in Manchuria, and then on the Korean peninsula. They also developed a metallurgy industry, producing iron tools and bronze. evolutionkr traded with other states and introduced Celadon papermaking block printing, art styles and writing to Japan.
In 2333 BCE Gojoseon was established on the southern part of the peninsula. This state embraced Chinese culture that included Confucian Philosophy and Buddhism. During this time, the people of Buyeo joined Gojoseon. Gojoseon had a hierarchical structure in which a monarch and senior officials were drawn from the landed aristocracy whereas the rest of the population was peasants. The state collected taxes from these citizens, and sometimes required them to join the army or to build fortifications.
Onjo Prince Onjo, a prince from Goguryeo who was also the son of Jumong, the founder of Goguryeo established the state of Baekje at the close of the time. The new kingdom grew into the southwest region of the peninsula, and was at war with China's commandos and Goguryeo's in the area. Baekje adopted Confucian ideas into its state beliefs system in 1390 CE and established the male-centric notion of filiopiety a tenet. Under the guise of filiopiety fathers were responsible for their families and had to be revered and obeyed by everyone, even their grandchildren and children.
Goryeo, a nation that ruled from 918 until 1392 CE and gave the world the Hangul Alphabet, based on the patterns created by the mouth when pronouncing. This greatly improved communication and led to a boom in the writing of Buddhist text. Woodblock printing and the movable metal type were also improved. It was during this period that the Samguk sagi, or 'History Of the Three Kingdoms' was first recorded in 1145 CE.
Evolution in Korea
The Korean peninsula has been inhabited since Neolithic times. The earliest evidence of human settlements is evident in the form of graves lined with stone, with precious objects like amazonite jewellery being buried with the dead. Megalithic structures, also known as dolmens, made of massive single stones, are common throughout the country.
In the first half of the 1st millennium BCE, Gojoseon established itself as the first recognized political state. After that the peninsula was ruled by various states during the Three Kingdoms period (57 BCfrom 635 CE) including Baekje, Goguryeo, and Silla. The northern part of the peninsula was occupied for a period by the Balhae Kingdom, which historians do not believe to be a true Korean state.
Following the Three Kingdoms arose the Proto-Three Kingdoms Period, also known as the Several States Period. Among them, Baekje was the most powerful state but its dynasty dissolved when Goguryeo was defeated in 676 CE, leaving Baekje with its southern territories of Manchuria and the western region around Hwanghae Bay, while eastern Buyeo and the Gaya confederacy flourished for a short time.
The Unified Silla Kingdom then emerged and the three kingdoms started to collaborate to expand their territories. In the final phase, Silla, with significant Chinese aid, conquered all other states and unified the peninsula in 935 CE.
As Korea enters the post-crisis period its development model is in flux. The people who are affronted by the immense cost of the old system are urging the need for a comprehensive program of liberalization of capital as well as labor and product markets. On the other hand, supporters of the old system seek to keep it alive through nationalist sentiments and by inflating fears about potential job losses.
Academic and policy analysts remain sharply divided on the extent to these two developments are driving Koreas evolution towards an entirely new model of economic governance. This article examines developments to date by analyzing five phases of Korea's political evolution including democratic illiberalism (1945-60), democratic authoritarianism (1961-72), authoritarian exceptionalism (1972-87), democratic paternalism (1987-2001) and participatory democracy (2002 to present). This article also highlights key factors that seem to influence these processes.
Creationism in Korea
In South Korea, 26% of the population is Christian. Creationists have had success in promoting their views among this population. A survey conducted in 2009 revealed that almost a third of respondents did not believe in the theory of evolution. Of the respondents, 41% believed that there was insufficient scientific evidence to support the theory 39% claimed that it did not align with their religious beliefs; and 17 percent said they did not understand it. This level of disbelief approaches that of the United States, where a similar number of people do not accept that humans evolved from less advanced species of life.
In the past of the anti-evolution movement in Korea was focused on educating college students and bringing them to Christ. A significant increase in interest in creation science began in the year 1980, following the inauguration of a four-day seminar during the World Evangelization Crusade in Seoul that featured Drs. Henry Morris and Duane Giss of ICR were the featured speakers. This event drew a large audience of scientists, professors and church leaders.
The success of the event resulted in the formation of the Korea Association of Creation Research on January 31 in 1980. The event was widely covered in national newspapers including The Korea Times, Chosun Ilbo and The Korea Times.
KACR began publishing a newsletter called CREATION. In CREATION, the organization presented its own work and published articles about scientific evidence for creationism. It also translated several films and slides from ICR, as well as several books on creationism that were in print outside of Korea. KACR members taught throughout the nation in universities and churches.
A KACR success was observed at KAIST University in Seoul. Students at the KAIST university in Seoul were so interested in creationism, they raised money and secured funding to construct a small creationist museum on campus.
In addition to its activities, KACR has published a bimonthly magazine, CREATION. This magazine covers topics in the field of creation science. It also sponsored a series of lectures by ICR staff. It also has a network of local branch offices that offer seminars and talks to schoolchildren and community groups.
The evolution of South Korea
In the latter half of the 19th century and the beginning of 20th, Korea moved toward a Westernised lifestyle. The traditional Korean dress, the hanbok, was replaced with miniskirts, as well as other foreign fashion elements. The traditional Korean music was also replaced by rock and roll and jazz. During this time the famous samulnori or masked dance dramas, were loved by the public. These dramatic pieces were performed to the accompaniment of shaman drums and other musical instruments.
The economic crisis has shaped Korea's new model of development. The primary challenge for the new regime is to find a balance between market-oriented and state-led policies. It also involves changing the incentives, monitoring, and disciplining schemes that have shaped the system before the crisis. These issues are covered in Chapters 3 & 4.
The Baekje was founded by Onjo, prince of Goguryeo and the third son of Jumong, Baekje was established jointly by people living along the Hangang River, those from Buyeo and other regions, as well as migrants from northern China. In the 4th century, in the early part of, Baekje was a major regional power and expanded its territory to Mahan in the north and Jeollanam-do in the south. The kingdom was in constant conflict with Goguryeo and the Chinese commanderies on the border.
The decline of Silla in the late 8th and 9th centuries saw strong local factions to emerge. Gungye, a noble from Later Baekje, established a kingdom with Songak as its capital. He also held control over a portion of present-day Jeolla and Chungcheong provinces. Later, he moved the capital to Wansanju and became a rival of Goguryeo.
His rule was however only for a short time. After Gungye was defeated by a powerful local leader, Wang Geon, who united Goryeo with Baekje and Silla in 935. Later, Baekje was peacefully incorporated into Goryeo as an heir state. Additionally, Wang Geon introduced fundamental reforms and strengthened a centralized ruling system. This marked the conclusion of the Three Kingdoms period. From that point, the Korean peninsula was ruled by the Goryeo Dynasty. In the Three Kingdoms Period, Goguryeo Baekje Silla gradually grew into powerful states on the peninsula as well as in Manchuria.