π± /pool/
π Written by Dan
π
Last updated: 27 June, 2025
π¬ danxyz7 on Discord
Pool is more than just potting balls. While many see it as simple, this complex and intricate game has fascinated me for years. I am an average player, who plays English 8-Ball socially, but I watch a lot of different disciplines, and I want to share that passion and the hidden depth of the game with you.
In this guide, I will dissect popular pool disciplines, offering insights into rules, fundamental techniques, advanced strategies, and resources designed to elevate your understanding and overall play, with a focus on UK 8-Ball, US Pool variants, and the rapidly ascending Chinese 8-Ball (Heyball).
This guide makes references to Dr. Dave, a prominent YouTube content creator, who is also a professional billiard instructor, part of the PBIA (Professional Billiard Instructors Association). He also wrote the instructional book The Illustrated Principles of Pool and Billiards, released in 2004.
He is a devoted authority and an expert in understanding and teaching the physics of the game. I highly recommend his channel. More of his credentials are found here along with his notable contributions to the world of pool.
Quick Start for Absolute Beginners
New to pool and not sure where to begin? Here's a super simple start:
- Game to Try: US 8-Ball (Casual "House Rules"). Find a friend and a table. The goal: one player tries to pot all the solid-colored balls (1-7), the other tries for stripes (9-15). Once your group is gone, pot the black 8-ball.
- Holding the Cue: Hold the back end lightly but firmly, like you're holding a bird β firm enough it doesn't fly away, but not so tight you'd crush it.
- The Bridge: Rest your non-dominant hand on the table, about 6-8 inches from the white cue ball. Make a "V" with your thumb and index finger for the cue to slide through (see Bridging for more).
- Aiming Basics (Straight Shots): Line up the cue stick, cue ball, the ball you want to hit (object ball), and the pocket all in a straight line. Gently hit the center of the white cue ball, trying to push it straight through to hit the center of the object ball.
- Chalk Up! Lightly brush chalk on your cue tip before almost every shot. This helps prevent the tip from slipping off the cue ball (a "miscue").
- Have Fun! Don't worry about complex rules or fancy shots yet. Focus on making contact and trying to pot your balls.
This quick start will get you going. For more details on everything, dive into the full guide below!
Table of Contents
- Quick Start for Absolute Beginners
- The Benefits of Playing Pool
- The Major Disciplines: UK, US & Chinese Pool
- Choosing Your Game: Where to Start & Why
- Fundamentals of Pool: Building Your Technique
- The Mental Game & Practice Strategy
- The Player's Journey and Community
- Advanced Strategy & Concepts
- Digital Practice: Pool Simulators
- Equipment Guide
- Pool Etiquette: The Unwritten Rules
- Videos & Resources
- Pool Glossary
The Benefits of Playing Pool
Beyond the thrill of competition, playing pool offers a surprising range of mental and physical advantages that can enhance various aspects of life.
- Sharper Focus: Pool demands intense concentration to visualize angles, plan shots, and track cue ball movement, honing your attention to detail.
- Strategic Thinking: It's a game of strategy involving shot planning, defensive maneuvers, and anticipating an opponent's moves, strengthening your problem-solving skills.
- Improved Memory & Visualization: Recalling shot techniques and visualizing paths enhances spatial reasoning and mental imagery.
- Stress Relief: The rhythmic nature of play can induce a state of "flow," reducing stress and providing mental clarity.
- Patience & Perseverance: Waiting for opportunities and enduring tactical exchanges cultivates patience and persistence.
- Enhanced Hand-Eye Coordination: Aligning the cue, aiming precisely, and controlling your stroke refines the crucial link between visual input and physical execution.
- Better Balance & Stability: Adopting various stances engages core muscles, improving physical balance and posture.
- Refined Motor Skills: The precise movements of holding and stroking the cue develop fine motor skills and dexterity.
- Increased Flexibility: Leaning and stretching for shots helps maintain and improve body flexibility and agility.
- Low-Impact Exercise: Pool provides light physical activity that can relieve muscle tension without the strain of more vigorous sports.
The Major Disciplines: UK, US & Chinese Pool
π¬π§ English 8-Ball (UK Pool)
π¬π§ English 8-Ball (UK Pool) is typically played on a 7-foot table with rounded pockets. It uses a set of red and yellow balls, a black 8-ball, and a smaller white cue ball. The game is immensely popular in the United Kingdom, with tables found in most pubs and dedicated pool halls.
Basic Rules (Common Variations)
- Objective: Legally pot all of your assigned group of balls (reds or yellows) and then legally pot the black 8-ball to win.
- Determining Groups: On the break, if only one color is potted, that becomes the breaker's group. If no balls are potted, or if one of each is potted, the table remains 'open'. The incoming player secures their group by legally potting a ball from their chosen set.
- Fouls & Winning: Potting the 8-ball early or committing any foul on the shot that pots the 8-ball results in a loss of game. Foul penalties vary by ruleset (see below).
Pro Tip: Break Control is Key
Don't just smash the balls. A controlled break that pots a ball and leaves the cue ball in the center is ideal. Under Blackball rules, a good spread and central cue ball give you options if you have to nominate your color. Avoid scratching on the break at all costs β giving away ball-in-hand is a cardinal sin.
Racking for UK 8-Ball
For a successful break, a tight rack is paramount.
- Tightness is Key: All balls must be touching each other as tightly as possible. Any gaps will kill the energy transfer, resulting in a weak spread ("dead break").
- Technique: Push all balls forward in the triangle. Use your fingers to press the balls at the back of the pack inwards and forwards to eliminate gaps.
- Insist on a Good Rack: If an opponent or referee racks poorly, politely ask for a re-rack before you break.
Differences Between UK Pool Rules: Blackball, World Rules & International Rules
UK Pool has three major rule sets that significantly affect tactics and strategy.
Feature | Blackball Rules | World Rules | International Rules |
---|---|---|---|
Used In | Blackball International, WPA events, common pubs/clubs | Older EPA competitions, some leagues | New WEPF tournaments, growing professionally |
Foul Outcome | One shot with ball in hand anywhere | Two shots carry (opponent takes two consecutive visits), unless the foul occurs on the shot potting the 8-ball, which is loss of game. Standard fouls on the black ball itself result in ball-in-hand from the 'D' (Baulk) for the opponent. | One shot with ball in hand anywhere |
Skill Shot | β Allowed (Potting opponent's ball is legal if own is also potted legally) | β Allowed (Potting opponent's ball is legal if own is also potted legally) | β Allowed (Potting opponent's ball is legal if own is also potted legally) |
Combination Shots | β Allowed (First ball hit must be legal) | β Allowed (First ball hit must be legal) | β Allowed (First ball hit must be legal) |
Free Table After Break? | β No (Must nominate group unless only one group potted) | β No (Must nominate group unless only one group potted) | β Yes (Table is open, no nomination needed) |
Push-out Rule | β Not allowed after the break | β Not allowed after the break | β Allowed after the break (Can push cue ball anywhere) |
Deliberate Foul | β Loss of frame | β Can result in loss of frame | β οΈ Penalised by foul (ball-in-hand), but generally not loss of frame unless deemed unsporting conduct. |
Tactical Play | Ball-in-hand rewards attacking errors, discourages deliberate opponent potting | Two shots encourage safety and defensive play | Open table and ball-in-hand encourage attacking play |
Note: For a visual guide to Blackball Rules, check this link.
πΊπΈ US Pool
πΊπΈ US Pool encompasses a family of games played on larger tables (typically 7, 8, or 9-foot) with wider, squarer pockets. It uses a set of solids (1-8) and stripes (9-15) for 8-ball, or numbered balls for other games. The cue ball is the same size as the object balls.
9-Ball: The Premier Professional Game
9-Ball is a fast-paced rotation game played with balls numbered 1 through 9. It's known for its dynamic nature, where any player can win at any time.
Basic Rules (9-Ball)
- Objective: To legally pocket the 9-ball.
- Gameplay: Players must always strike the lowest-numbered ball on the table first.
- Rack: Diamond shape, 1-ball at the front, 9-ball in the center.
- Winning: The 9-ball can be pocketed at any time (e.g., via a combination), as long as the lowest-numbered ball is struck first by the cue ball. Pocketing the 9-ball on a legal break is an automatic win.
- Fouls: Penalty is ball-in-hand for the opponent anywhere on the table.
Prominent Players to Watch (9-Ball)
- Shane Van Boening (USA): A dominant force known for his powerful break and rock-solid fundamentals.
- Fedor Gorst (USA, formerly Russia): A young phenom with exceptional cue ball control and an aggressive style.
- Joshua Filler (Germany): A World Champion known for his fearless play and incredible shot-making.
- Jayson Shaw (Scotland): A dynamic and powerful player with an explosive break.
- Efren "Bata" Reyes (Philippines): "The Magician," a legend known for his unparalleled creativity.
Other US Pool Disciplines
US 8-Ball (Recreational & League Play)
- Objective: Pot your group (solids 1-7 or stripes 9-15), then pot the 8-ball into a called pocket.
- Key Rule: Generally a call shot game (ball and pocket). Opponent gets ball-in-hand after a foul. Rules differ significantly from UK 8-Ball.
10-Ball (The "Tougher Test")
- Objective: Legally pocket the 10-ball on a called shot.
- Gameplay: Rotation game (1-10), always hit the lowest ball first. No "slop" shots are allowed. Considered a more strategic and precise game than 9-Ball.
Straight Pool (14.1 Continuous): The Classic Test of All-Around Skill
- Objective: Score a predetermined number of points (e.g., 100 or 150), with each legally potted ball worth one point.
- Gameplay: A call shot game using all 15 balls. After 14 balls are pocketed, they are re-racked, leaving the 15th ball as a "break ball" to continue the run. It is the ultimate test of pattern play, cue ball control, and endurance.
One Pocket: Chess on a Pool Table
- Objective: Be the first to score 8 balls into your single, designated corner pocket.
- Gameplay: A highly strategic and defensive game. Players engage in complex safety battles, moving balls towards their pocket and away from their opponent's. Masterful cue ball control and banking are essential.
UK vs. US Pool Summary
Feature | UK Pool (English 8-Ball) | US Pool (American 8 & 9-Ball, 10-Ball) |
---|---|---|
Table Size | Smaller (6 or 7-foot, 7ft standard) | Larger (7-9 foot, 9ft standard for pros) |
Table Cloth | Napped / Woolen (slower roll, spin sensitive) | Worsted (faster roll, less friction) |
Pockets | Smaller, tighter, rounded | Larger, more forgiving, squarer (shelf cut) |
Balls | Reds/Yellows, smaller object balls & cue ball (traditionally) | Solids/Stripes (8-ball), Numbered (9/10-ball), same-size cue ball & object balls |
Playstyle | More tactical, defensive, positional | More open, aggressive, requires more power & follow |
Safety Play | Heavy emphasis on safety shots and tactics | Strategically vital, especially in 1-Pocket/10-Ball/Straight Pool |
π¨π³ Chinese 8-Ball (Heyball)
πΊ Watch Video of Gameplay and Explanation
Heyball (a brand name for Chinese 8-Ball) is a fascinating hybrid played on a 9ft table with snooker-style pockets and napped cloth, but using standard American pool balls. It combines the power and long-distance positional play of US pool with the precision and delicate touch required by snooker.
Its popularity has surged globally, attracting top players from all cue sports disciplines.
The financial incentives are massive. As UK legend Gareth Potts noted, major weekly tournaments in China can offer $280,000 to the winner, with pinnacle events boasting prizes of $700,000+. This has drawn champions from Snooker (Mark Williams, Neil Robertson), US Pool (Shane Van Boening), and UK Pool (Chris Melling, Gareth Potts) to compete.
Strategic Nuance: Heyball demands a unique blend: the pattern play of snooker (due to tight pockets) combined with the shot-making power of US pool (due to ball size/weight).
Choosing Your Game: Where to Start & Why
With so many variations, which pool game should you try first?
- For Pure Beginners (Social Fun):
- US 8-Ball (Casual Rules): The most accessible. The objective is simple and forgiving. It's great for learning basic potting and cue ball control. (See the Quick Start section!)
- If You're in the UK:
- UK 8-Ball (English Pool): This is what you'll find in pubs. The smaller table can seem easier at first, but positional play quickly becomes crucial.
- For Aspiring Competitive Players (US Focus):
- 9-Ball: Forces you to learn pattern play and aggressive offense from the get-go. Its faster pace is engaging.
- For the Tactician/Strategist:
- One Pocket: If you love deep strategy and defensive battles, One Pocket is incredibly rewarding, though it has a steep learning curve.
- Straight Pool (14.1): If you appreciate precision, pattern play, and building long runs, Straight Pool is a pure test of all-around skill. Many argue it builds the strongest foundation.
Don't be afraid to try them all! Each game teaches different skills that will improve your overall game.
Fundamentals of Pool: Building Your Technique
The Foundation: Stance & Alignment
A consistent stance is the bedrock of accurate shooting.
- Visualize the Shot Line: Before you approach the table, imagine a line running from the target pocket, through the object ball, through the cue ball, and extending straight back to where you will stand.
- Foot Placement (for a right-handed player):
- Back Foot (Right): Place your right foot directly on the shot line.
- Front Foot (Left): Step forward and slightly to the side with your left foot for balance.
- Get Down on the Shot:
- Bend at the waist and knees to get low, bringing your eyes closer to the level of the cue.
- Your chin should come down to lightly touch or rest just above the cue. This is a crucial anchor point for consistency.
- Your head, stroking arm, and cue should all be aligned in a single vertical plane over the shot line.
- The Stroke:
- Grip: Hold the cue lightly, like a bird. A "death grip" creates tension and a jerky stroke.
- Elbow as a Hinge: Your upper arm should remain still. The stroke should be a smooth pendulum swing from your elbow.
- Smooth Delivery: Accelerate smoothly through the cue ball, not at it.
- Follow-Through: Continue the cue's path straight forward for several inches after contact.
- Stay Still: Keep your head and body motionless until the object ball is pocketed. Any movement during the stroke will throw off your aim.
How to Aim: The Ghost Ball System
This is a fundamental method for aiming angled shots.
The Concept: Imagine an invisible "ghost" cue ball frozen in place, touching the object ball at the exact spot needed to send it into the pocket. Your goal is to shoot your actual cue ball to occupy the exact space where you visualized the ghost ball.
How to Practice:
- Visualize the Potting Line: Draw an imaginary line from the pocket through the center of the object ball.
- Place the Ghost Ball: Visualize a "ghost" cue ball on this line, touching the object ball.
- Aim for the Center: Your target is the center of this imaginary ghost ball.
- Deliver Straight: Strike the center of your real cue ball and send it directly towards the center of the ghost ball.
Common Mistake: Beginners often aim for the edge of the object ball where contact is made. This is wrong and will cause you to cut the ball too thin. You must aim to send the center of your cue ball to the center of the ghost ball's position.
Advanced Aiming: Compensating for 'Throw Effect'
On angled shots, the cue ball "throws" the object ball slightly in its direction of travel. This is Collision-Induced Throw (CIT).
- What it means: A simple ghost ball aim will cause you to hit the object ball slightly "fuller" than intended, often missing on the "pro-side" of the pocket.
- Key Factors: Throw is greater on slower shots and on steeper cut angles.
- How to Compensate: You must aim to "under-cut" the shot slightly. Instead of aiming for a ghost ball that sends the object ball to the center of the pocket, aim for a ghost ball that sends it towards the edge. The throw effect will then "correct" its path into the pocket.
- Mastery: This requires practice. Set up the same angled shot repeatedly. Hit it at different speeds and observe the throw. Learn to adjust your aim intuitively.
The Bridge: Your Guiding Hand
A stable bridge is non-negotiable for accuracy.
- Open Bridge (V-Bridge): Most common. Place your hand flat on the table, spread your fingers for a solid base, and press your thumb against your index finger to form a "V" channel for the cue to slide through.
- Closed Bridge (Loop Bridge): Common in US Pool for power. Form a loop with your index finger over the cue. Offers maximum stability but can be less suited for thin UK-style cues.
- Bridging Over a Ball: Raise your bridge by resting on your fingertips, creating a higher arch for the cue to clear the obstructing ball.
- Rail Bridge: When the cue ball is near a cushion, rest your hand on the rail. You may need to lay the cue along the inside of your thumb (pressed against the cushion) to keep the cue level.
Cue Ball Control: The Heart of the Game
Controlling where the cue ball goes after the shot is what separates good players from great players. This is achieved by combining spin and speed.
(Diagram illustrates cue ball contact points)
- Topspin (Follow): Hit above center. The cue ball will roll forward after contact.
- Stun: Hit dead center. The cue ball will stop dead on a straight hit. This is a cornerstone of position play.
- Backspin (Draw): Hit below center. The cue ball will reverse direction after contact.
- Side Spin (English): Hit to the left or right of center. Mainly used to change the cue ball's angle off a cushion.
Key Drills to Improve Cue Ball Control
"Stop, Follow, Draw" Drill
- Goal: Learn the basic effects of spin.
- How to Perform: Set up a straight-in shot. Practice potting it three ways: making the cue ball stop dead (stun), roll forward (follow), and come backward (draw).
"One-Cushion Positioning" Drill
- Goal: Use a cushion to get position for an imaginary next shot.
- How to Perform: Pot a ball, and use a combination of spin and speed to make the cue ball hit one cushion and land in a specific target zone (e.g., center table).
Troubleshooting Common Faults & Fixes
- Symptom: Jerky or Uncontrolled Stroke
- Cause: Too much tension (death grip), trying to hit too hard.
- Fix: Relax your grip. Focus on a smooth acceleration through the ball. Add a slight pause at the end of your backswing.
- Symptom: Consistently Missing Pots to One Side
- Cause: Head movement, unintentional side spin, poor alignment.
- Fix: Keep your head still! This is the most common and critical error. Record yourself to check. Practice hitting dead center on the cue ball.
- Symptom: Miscuing (Tip slips off the ball)
- Cause: Not enough chalk, worn tip, trying for too much spin with a poor stroke.
- Fix: Chalk up before every important shot. Check your tip; it should be scuffed and shaped like a dime. A smooth, accelerating stroke is safer and more effective for spin than a sharp jab.
- Symptom: Unpredictable Cue Ball Control
- Cause: Inconsistent tip contact point on the cue ball, inconsistent speed.
- Fix: Have a clear intention (e.g., "half tip topspin, medium speed") before you shoot. Practice drills that focus on controlling speed and landing the cue ball in target zones.
The Mental Game & Practice Strategy
Pool is as much a mental sport as it is a physical one.
Developing a Winning Mindset
- Pre-Shot Routine: Develop and stick to a consistent routine (assess, plan, chalk, stance, aim, practice strokes, execute). This is your anchor under pressure.
- Handling Pressure: Use deep breathing to calm your nerves. Focus on the process of making a good shot, not the outcome of the game.
- Short Memory: Don't let a missed shot or bad roll affect your next one. Acknowledge it, learn from it if you can, and move on immediately.
- Visualization: Mentally rehearse successful shots and outcomes to build confidence.
How to Practice Effectively
- Purposeful Practice: Don't just hit balls around. Work on specific drills that target your weaknesses.
- Feedback & Analysis: Record yourself playing. Analyze your technique, decision-making, and recurring errors.
- Play Better Players: Playing against those who challenge you is one of the fastest ways to learn. Observe how they handle different situations.
- Analyze Losses: Turn losses into learning opportunities. Was it a technical flaw, a strategic error, or a mental lapse?
The Match Play Mindset
Bringing your skills from the practice table to a real match requires a specific mindset.
- The Pre-Game Ritual: Assess the table conditions (roll, cushions). Do a mental check-in and set a realistic process goal for the match (e.g., "I will stick to my pre-shot routine on every shot").
- Active Observation: When your opponent is playing, don't switch off. Watch their habits, gather information, and plan your potential responses.
- Full Table Scan: When it's your turn, look at the whole table. Don't just see the first available shot; see the sequence (Pattern Play). Prioritize dealing with "problem balls" early.
- Quick Post-Shot Assessment: After a bad shot, give yourself 5 seconds to be annoyed, then let it go. Identify the mistake if you can, but focus forward.
- The Post-Game Review (Win or Lose): Objectively analyze what went well and what could be improved. This reflection feeds back into your practice strategy.
The Player's Journey and Community
Player Development Stages
Understanding where you are on your pool journey can help you focus your efforts.
1. The Beginner Player
- Focus: Learning to hold the cue, stand, and make contact. Goal is to pot any ball.
- Skills: Inconsistent stance and stroke. Little to no cue ball control. Frequent scratches.
- Strategy: Knows basic rules, focuses only on the immediate shot.
2. The Intermediate Player
- Focus: Improving potting consistency and applying basic cue ball control (stop, follow, draw).
- Skills: More stable fundamentals but still has flaws. Can execute basic positional play.
- Strategy: Understands simple 2-3 ball patterns and the concept of safety play.
3. The Advanced Player
- Focus: High-level execution, strategic dominance, and consistency under pressure.
- Skills: Highly refined and repeatable fundamentals. Masterful cue ball control with precise spin and speed.
- Strategy: Excellent at pattern play (run-outs), sophisticated safety play, and risk/reward assessment.
The Social and Community Aspect
Engaging with the pool community is a fantastic way to learn and enjoy the game more.
- Join Leagues & Clubs: Local leagues (like APA, BCA, or pub leagues) offer regular, handicapped competition suitable for all skill levels.
- Find Practice Partners: Practicing with others provides feedback, accountability, and exposure to different styles.
- Visit Pool Halls: These are the heart of the local pool community. You can learn just by watching experienced players.
- Ask Questions: Most players are happy to share their knowledge. Don't be afraid to ask for advice (when they're not in a serious match!).
Advanced Strategy & Concepts
Pattern Play (Route Planning)
This is about planning the optimal sequence to clear the table, not just focusing on the next shot.
- Identify Key Balls: Recognize balls that unlock clusters or open up the table.
- Minimize Cue Ball Movement: Plan routes that require the least cue ball travel, reducing the margin for error.
- Think 2-3 Shots Ahead: Visualize the ideal position for subsequent shots.
- The "Insurance Ball": Leave yourself an easy ball to get back in position if your primary plan goes slightly wrong.
Advanced Safety Play
A good safety leaves your opponent with the worst possible reply.
- Intentional Leaves: Aim to leave the cue ball hidden (snookered), frozen to a rail, or at maximum distance.
- Two-Way Shots: Attempt a difficult pot but play the speed so that if you miss, the cue ball rolls safe.
- Control the Opponent: A good safety forces your opponent into a low-percentage shot or a mistake.
Break Shot Strategy
A powerful, well-executed break can win you the game before your opponent gets a meaningful shot.
Racking for the Break
- Tightness is Paramount: All balls must touch tightly. Any gaps will absorb energy and lead to a poor spread. A consistent, tight rack is the foundation of a good break.
Cue Ball Placement for the Break
- Behind the Line: The cue ball must be behind the head string. Placing it slightly off-center (e.g., one diamond's width from the side rail) often provides a better angle to hit the head ball full.
Bridging and Stance for the Break
- Stability is Key: A powerful break requires a rock-solid bridge. A closed bridge is often preferred for stability. Many pros place their bridge hand on the top of the rail for maximum control during a powerful stroke.
Power Generation and Aiming for the Break
- Objective: Hit the head ball as fully as possible to transfer maximum energy.
- Cue Ball Contact: Aim slightly below center on the cue ball. This helps prevent the cue ball from jumping and ensures maximum forward energy transfer into the pack.
- Stroke: Generate power with a smooth acceleration and a full follow-through. It's about cue speed, not brute force.
Kicking & Banking Systems
- Diamond Systems: Use the diamonds (sights) on the rails as reference points to calculate multi-rail paths. They are a starting point, not an infallible rule, and must be adjusted for table conditions and spin.
- Feel & Experience: Ultimately, precision kicking and banking rely on an intuition developed through thousands of hours of practice.
Shot Selection & Risk Management
Choosing the right shot is a constant calculation.
- Pot Success Probability: Honestly assess your chances of making the shot.
- Positional Reward: Where will the cue ball land if you make it? Does it set you up well?
- Risk of Missing: Where will you leave the opponent if you miss?
- Offense vs. Defense: The smart play is often a safety, even if a difficult pot is available.
Digital Practice: Pool Simulators
While nothing replaces real table time, a realistic simulator like ShootersPool (PC) can be a valuable learning tool.
- What it's good for:
- Visualization: See angles and paths without pressure.
- Cue Ball Control: Experiment endlessly with spin and speed to understand positioning.
- Strategy: Practice pattern play and shot selection against AI or online opponents.
- Limitations: It cannot replicate the physical feel of a stance, stroke, or the nuances of real-world table conditions. Use it as a supplementary tool for your mental game.
Equipment Guide
Good equipment aids development, but skill is always more important.
Cue Sticks
π‘ Finding a cue that feels balanced and comfortable to you is key. The performance of a cue comes down to the player, and there's not a lot of "technology" in a cue. It is a stiff rod with no moving parts. It mostly needs to stay straight, feel ok in your hands, and not fall apart.
Most professional players in English 8-Ball use a maple or ash cue, but American pool professionals use a carbon fiber cue.
π’ Budget (Under Β£40 / $50): Basic house cues. Functional for starting.
π‘ Mid-Range (Β£40 - Β£160 / $50-$200): Good quality wood. A great entry point for a personal cue.
π΄ High-End (Β£160 - Β£500 / $200-$600): Premium materials, better feel and feedback. For serious players.
π£ Professional (Β£500+ / $600+): Highest quality materials, precise construction. For top-level performance.
If you are an English 8-Ball player, I would recommend CueCraft. They are a well-respected cue maker, and possibly the only real choice for a custom cue in the UK. You can choose the weight, length, tip size, butt design and joint position. They also make bespoke cases.
With CueCraft, many of their cues are made from scratch, and there is a 10-12 week lead time. I waited 13 weeks for a cue from them.
You can watch a video of their manufacturing process here.
Here are some brands I don't recommend for English 8-Ball:
Peradon: Oldest UK cue maker, but more for snooker
Buffalo/BCE: Mass produced, mixed quality
John Parris: Legendary quality, but expensive with long wait times. Overkill for casual players, and more for snooker.
(I asked them about a cue recently, and their waiting list is 7 years)
Riley: Entry level quality, with inconsistent feel
- Break & Jump Cues: These are specialized tools. Break cues are heavier and stiffer for maximum power transfer. Jump cues are shorter and lighter for executing legal jump shots. CueCraft do English 8-Ball break cues.
Chalk
π‘ Essential for preventing miscues and applying spin.
π’ Budget Tier (Β£0.50-Β£1.50 / $0.75-$2.00 per piece)
Standard, reliable chalks perfect for casual play and practice. They are the most common chalks found in pool halls.
- Brands: Master, Silver Cup, Triangle
π‘ Mid-Range Tier (Β£3-Β£8 / $4-$10 per piece)
For the serious player. These chalks offer better grip, require less frequent application, and leave less residue than budget options.
- Brands: Predator 1080 Pure, Blue Diamond
π΄ High-End Tier (Β£10-Β£15 / $12-$20 per piece)
For competitive players seeking superior performance. These chalks use advanced formulas for exceptional adhesion and consistency.
- Brands: GΒ² (Great White), Taom Pyro
π£ Professional Tier (Β£15+ / $20+ per piece)
The ultimate in performance, engineered for elite players. These chalks provide maximum grip while leaving virtually no residue on the cue ball or table, a critical factor in high-level play.
- Brands: Kamui (Roku, Sai), Taom V10
Chalk is a nuanced piece of equipment.
According to Dr. Dave's analysis on chalks, Magic chalk lasts the longest on the tip and requires less frequent rechalks.
Premium chalks like the Kamui Roku, Taom V10 make the least mess and are less likely to cling/skid on the cueball.
Shane Van Boening and Nick Varner who are considered two of the all-time greats, use Master chalk which is very cheap at Β£5-6 for a box of 12 blocks.
Darren Appleton and Gareth Potts are also considered all-time greats but they use Taom V10, which is Β£15 for a single block.
Sponsorship is obviously a factor too, so players will use a chalk because they're contracted to use them.
Joshua Filler is sponsored by Predator, so they use Predator 1080 chalk. Do some research and find what suits you best.
My personal opinion is that you should buy a block of Taom V10. It is expensive, yes but it is the last piece of chalk you will ever want to buy.
My current block of V10 has lasted me two years. I used to use Triangle chalk, and that would wear down pretty fast.
I have used a lot of chalks, and V10 is by far the best. No mess, and clean application. Other chalks get everywhere, more than a toddler in a mud pit.
Gloves
π‘ Worn on the bridge hand for a smooth, consistent cue glide regardless of humidity. Highly recommended for consistency and helpful if your hands sweat a lot.
π’ Budget (Β£8-Β£15 / $10-$20): Standard billiard gloves (many brands).
π΄ High-End (Β£16-Β£30 / $20-$40): Premium brands (Kamui, Predator) with better fit, materials, and durability.
Racks
π‘ A good rack ensures a fair and effective break. Tightness is critical.
π΄ UK 8-Ball Racks
- Uses a triangle rack.
π΄ High-End / Tournament Standard: Innovative racks like the Smart Rack or The Racker Triangle (ergonomic frames) ensure a perfect, tight rack every time.
πΊπΈ US 9-Ball / 10-Ball Racks
- Uses a diamond (9-ball) or triangle (10-ball).
π΄ High-End / Tournament Standard: Template racks (like Accu-Rack or Magic Rack) are dominant in pro events for their perfect placement and tightness. Machined aluminum frames like the Delta-13 Elite are also a top choice.
Tables
π‘ A major investment, most play happens in halls or pubs. If you own your own table, it is a sign of luxury.
- π¬π§ English 8-Ball: Supreme Winner, Rasson Apollo
- πΊπΈ US Pool: Rasson Ox, Diamond Pro-Am
- π¨π³ Chinese 8-Ball (Heyball): Joy Q8
Pool Etiquette: The Unwritten Rules
Good sportsmanship makes the game enjoyable for everyone.
- Be Still & Silent: Do not move, talk, or stand in your opponent's line of sight when they are shooting.
- Know the Rules: Be clear on the ruleset before you play.
- Call Your Own Fouls: Honesty is paramount. Acknowledge fouls immediately.
- Give Space: Avoid hovering near your opponent or leaning over the table when it's their turn.
- Be Gracious: Congratulate your opponent on good shots and a good game, win or lose.
- Respect Equipment: Treat house cues and tables with care.
Videos & Resources
Videos are fantastic for learning concepts, but they cannot replace actual table time for developing physical skills or feedback from a coach for personalized improvement.
π - Tournaments/Leagues | π - Pro Player Channel | πΉ - Instructional/Content Creator | β - Recommended
π¬π§ UK 8-Ball
β Player to Watch: Tom Cousins (Wales) - Rank 1 (as of 2025). Master of cue ball control, containment safety, and breaking.
- π Ultimate Pool - Top-tier professional tournaments (International Rules).
- π IPA Pool - Professional tournaments (Blackball Rules).
- βπ Mick Hill - 6-time World Champion. Fantastic channel for high-level shot breakdowns and strategy.
- π Gareth Potts - 4-time World Champion. High-level tips and analysis.
πΊπΈ US 9-Ball & 10-Ball
β Player to Watch: Fedor Gorst (USA) - Rank 1 (as of 2025). Incredibly precise cue action, elite pattern play, and a superb breaker.
- π Matchroom Pool - The World Nineball Tour, featuring the world's best players.
- π Predator Pro Billiard Series - Major professional events, heavily featuring 10-Ball.
- βπ Accu-Stats Video Productions - The historical archive of pro pool. Essential for watching legends and classic matches.
- π Darren Appleton - World Champion (10-Ball, Straight Pool). Practical instructional videos.
- βπΉ DrDaveBilliards - Famous for detailed videos on the physics and technique of pool.
- πΉ Sharivari - Insightful analysis, instructional content, and match commentary.
πΊπΈ US 8-Ball
- π Ultimate Pool USA - Features competitive US 8-Ball tournaments.
π¨π³ Chinese Pool (Heyball)
- π Joy World Heyball Tour - The primary professional Heyball tour based in China.
- π Thomas Heal - Re-posts footage from major Heyball tournaments, making it accessible for international viewers.
Pool Glossary
General Pool Terms
- Cue Ball (CB) β The white ball that the player strikes with the cue.
- Object Balls (OB) β Any ball the player is trying to legally pot.
- Pot β To pocket a ball legally.
- Scratch β Pocketing the cue ball, which is a foul.
- Bank Shot β A shot where an object ball bounces off one or more cushions before being pocketed.
- Kick Shot β A shot where the cue ball hits one or more cushions before contacting an object ball.
- Combination Shot (Combo) β Hitting one object ball into another to pot the second ball.
- Run Out β Clearing all your required balls from the table in a single turn.
UK Pool Terms
- Double β The UK term for a Bank Shot.
- Snooker β A defensive position where the opponent cannot directly hit any of their legal balls.
- Baulk Line / The D - The area at the breaking end of the table from which the game starts.
US Pool Terms
- Rotation Games (9-Ball, 10-Ball) β Games where you must always hit the lowest-numbered ball on the table first.
- Ball-in-Hand β The standard penalty for a foul, allowing the incoming player to place the cue ball anywhere on the table.
- Push Out β A strategic option after the break in 9-Ball/10-Ball where a player can push the cue ball to a new position without it being a foul.
- Break and Run - When a player breaks, pots a ball, and proceeds to run out the rack without the opponent getting a shot.
Technique & Spin Terms
- Bridge β The hand configuration supporting the front of the cue.
- Follow (Topspin) β Hitting above center, causing the cue ball to roll forward after contact.
- Draw (Backspin) β Hitting below center, causing the cue ball to reverse after contact.
- English (Side Spin) β Hitting left or right of center to alter the cue ball's path off a cushion.
- Stun β A shot with no spin (center ball hit) that "stuns" the cue ball, causing it to stop dead or move at a 90-degree angle after contact.
If you find any errors or wish to provide feedback, please feel free to reach out.
π¬ Discord: danxyz7