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systems

A system is a collection of alters within one body. The entirety of a dissociative identity disorder (DID) system includes all of the alters within one body. Research suggests that males average 12 alters and females average 15 alters. However, systems can range in size from 2 alters to 100s of alters, although in very large systems it is unlikely that all alters will front frequently. Instead, alters in large systems are likely to become active mostly when needed or triggered, and they often present in pairs or small groups.

Subsystems are systems within systems. There are two main types of subsystems. The first refers to separate internal groups within one larger system. In this case, two or more groups of alters might have developed separately, and they may or may not be aware of the other group(s). While groups may have good communication and co-consciousness among themselves, they may lose time when alters from other subsystems front, making communication through notes or sympathetic outsiders necessary. Different subsystems may reside in different locations in an internal world or may have non-overlapping internal worlds. They may exist to deal with different types of trauma and may not be aware of what other subsystems have experienced. Some subsystems might be entirely trauma locked; for example, someone with DID might have a group of alters who experience themselves as permanently trapped in an abusive environment, can only rarely communicate with the main group of alters, and cannot understand that the body is no longer trapped and hurting.

The second type of subsystem deals with alters who have their own alters (yes, it is like “alterception!”). These alters may or may not use the same internal presentation. That is to say, if Alter A has their own alters A1, A2, and A3, the other alters might experience all of the A alters as being different individuals who are only recognizable as Alter A because they all claim the same or a similar name and are never around at the same time. On the other hand, it is also possible that the other alters might experience all of the A alters as having to share one internal “body” and voice as outsiders experience the overall system as doing. Alters from this type of subsystem may or may not be aware of each other and may or may not have good communication. They may be very similar and differ mainly in regards to their age, function, or traits such as gender, or they may be complete alters in their own right.

Systems can also be affectionately referred to as collectives, internal families, clans, or crews.

alters

An alter is a dissociated self state that may be associated with either dissociative identity disorder (DID) or other specified dissociative disorder subtype 1 (OSDD-1). In cases of DID, most if not all alters can take recurrent executive control of the body in which they reside. Alters each have their own perception of self as a unique individual or entity and do not view themselves as only an aspect of a complete person. Externally, alters can display different degrees of emotional expressiveness, behave in different ways, and have different skills and abilities related to sensory-motor functioning. They have different thoughts, perceptions, and memories relating to themselves and to the world around them. They may perceive themselves as having an age, gender, sexuality, appearance, source, or even species that may or may not match that of the system's actual body, and they may or may not be aware of these discrepancies. (Some alters may see what they expect to see when they look into mirrors and are highly distressed to realize that the body that they are in does not match their internal perception of how they should look.) Often, alters have their own wants, needs, desires, and opinions. They may have psychological disorders and physiological reactions that are unique to them or experience the body’s psychological and physiological disorders in different ways or to different degrees than do other alters in the same body.

cores

Cores, or originals, are the part of the self that existed before individuals with dissociative identity disorder (DID) developed other alters. Sometimes, cores will be the only part that is the same age as the body, claims the body’s name, and identifies with the body’s appearance, but hosts may often present in the same or a similar manner. Some cores may not be the same age as the body at all but may have frozen in time after a certain point, leaving their alters to handle their life for them while they retreated inside. Some cores may have more power and sway over their system than any of their alters while other cores may be nothing more than a part who just happened to solidify first. Some cores may be highly protected and shielded by their alters while other cores may be or work with the system’s host. The core may or may not be aware that trauma happened, but they’re unlikely to be emotionally connected and may struggle to accept what the trauma means for them. They may feel that what happened to their alters has nothing to do with their own history and self narrative.

Not all systems have any original parts. In cases in which there is no core, it’s likely that trauma began at such a young age that the child never got a chance to integrate in any significantly centralized way before they were required to form different self states to handle different aspects of their life. Often, those with no cores are from a family in which disorganized attachment was the norm. As a child, they could never expect consistent care or safety, and they had to be ready to react in a wide variety of ways without much warning or without any mistakes being allowed for.

Other systems have multiple core shards. This is the result of either one core forming but later splitting in such a way that all the new alters identify as the original to an equal degree or of multiple alters forming around the same time and all acting as centralizing units of the system.

There are some individuals who attempt to force fact to meet theory instead of theory to meet fact. These individuals deny the existence of any cores due to their adherence to the theory of structural dissociation. However, even this theory allows for the existence of cores.

p-did

Partial Dissociative Identity Disorder is a dissociative disorder that is similar to Dissociative Identity Disorder, but rarely exhibits full switches. It is defined as having one dominant alter with one or more non-dominant alters, that primarily influence the dominant alter or go co-conscious with them. This is described as intruding on the dominant alter, and may change their behavior, self-perception, cognition, motor function, and more. These intrusions may be irregular, only occur during emotional episodes, or may be frequent.[1]

Partial dissociative identity disorder is characterized by disruption of identity in which there are two or more distinct personality states (dissociative identities) associated with marked discontinuities in the sense of self and agency. Each personality state includes its own pattern of experiencing, perceiving, conceiving, and relating to self, the body, and the environment. One personality state is dominant and normally functions in daily life, but is intruded upon by one or more non-dominant personality states (dissociative intrusions). These intrusions may be cognitive, affective, perceptual, motor, or behavioral. They are experienced as interfering with the functioning of the dominant personality state and are typically aversive. The non-dominant personality states do not recurrently take executive control of the individual's consciousness and functioning, but there may be occasional, limited and transient episodes in which a distinct personality state assumes executive control to engage in circumscribed behaviors, such as in response to extreme emotional states or during episodes of self-harm or the re-enactment of traumatic memories.[2]
Systems who have partial DID may describe themselves as moneotien, monoconscious, or frontstuck.
Full blackouts are rare in these systems; emotional amnesia and partial amnesia are more common.

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Pub: 19 Jun 2023 10:36 UTC

Edit: 10 Jul 2023 08:10 UTC

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