Nelijian language(Nelijal truk)
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Phonology
vowels
front | back unrounded | back rounded |
---|---|---|
i | u | |
e | a | o |
consonants
bilabial | dental | palatal | velar | glottal |
---|---|---|---|---|
m | n | |||
p | t | k | ||
b | d | g | ||
z | c | |||
f | s | j | h | |
l | y | w | ||
r |
Morphology
The grammar is similar to that of typical European languages, but with an agglutinative character: grammatical inflections are indicated by stringing together separate affixes for each element of meaning.
Nouns
Nelijian substantives have five cases—nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, and locative—and two numbers: singular and a plural.
The following is the declension of the Nelijian word apat "father":
Singular | Plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | apat | apaz |
accusative | apati | apatis |
genitive | apatal | apatals |
dative | apatale | apatales |
locative | apatai | apazai |
possession
The nouns also had possessive suffixes, one for each combination of number and person.
Singular | Plural | |
---|---|---|
1 | -b | -d |
2 | -l | -v |
3 | -n | -nar |
The following is the declension of apatob "my father":
Singular | Plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | apatob | apatobs |
accusative | apatib | apatibs |
genitive | apatalb | apatalbs |
dative | apataleb | apatalebs |
locative | apataib | apazaib |
Adjectives
Adjectives, formed by the suffix -ig, normally follow the noun they qualify. They do not agree with the noun in number and case.
apat mulig"good father(nom)" vs apatal mulig"of good father"
Adverbs
Adverbs normally follow the verb or adjective they modify.
Pronouns
Personal pronouns refer to persons; demonstrative pronouns point out English this, that, there.
Personal
mi "I", lun "thou", on "he/she", ni "we", vun "ye", onar "they".
Demonstrative
The demonstratives, eta, are used without distinction for "that" or "this". The relative pronoun is ka "who".
Verbs
Verbs had an indicative mood, an imperative mood and others. Tenses were present and past. The past tense had an active voice and a passive voice.
person and number are marked by suffix.
Singular | Plural | |
---|---|---|
1 | -b | -d |
2 | -l | -v |
3 | -n | -nar |
tense: present and past. The present tense is marked with the suffix -a, while the past tense is marked with the suffix -ai.
The passive voice is formed with prefix pa-
vocabulary
one: da
two: zel
three: ki
four: jo
five: mug
six: had
seven: hemb
eight: kozp
nine: nurb
ten: jer
father: apat
mother: mat
son: klon
daughter: jauk
god: ais
day: ten
month/moon: tiul
year: avel
city: fir
tomb: deur
http://www.languagesgulper.com/eng/Etruscan.html
http://www.etruskisch.de/pgs/vc.htm
https://44fe44f5-a-62cb3a1a-s-sites.googlegroups.com/site/paleoglot/Home/Etruscan_Grammar.pdf
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Etruscan_word_list
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscan_language
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Volap%C3%BCk/English-Volap%C3%BCk_dictionary
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volap%C3%BCk
https://rentry.co/mt558y